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2019

What is an organic solvent?

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Solvents are divided into organic solvents and inorganic solvents based on their chemical composition. It is a large class of organic compounds widely used in daily life and production, with a small molecular weight. It exists in coatings, adhesives, paints, and cleaning agents. Organic solvents are often used. What are organic solvents?
Organic solvents are a class of organic compounds that can dissolve some insoluble substances (such as oils, waxes, resins, rubber, dyes, etc.). They are characterized by being liquid at room temperature and pressure, with high volatility. During the dissolution process, the properties of the solute and solvent remain unchanged.
There are many types of organic solvents, which can be divided into 10 categories based on their chemical structure: ① aromatic hydrocarbons: benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.; ② Fatty hydrocarbons: pentane, hexane, octane, etc.; ③ Alicyclic hydrocarbons: cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, etc.; ④ Halogenated hydrocarbons: chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, etc.; ⑤ Alcohols: methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.; ⑥ Ethers: ether, epoxy propane, etc.; ⑦ Esters: methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, etc.; ⑧ Ketones: acetone, methyl butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.; ⑨ Glycol derivatives: ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, etc Others: acetonitrile, pyridine, phenol, etc.
category
Organic solvents are a large class of organic compounds widely used in daily life and production, with a small molecular weight and a liquid state at room temperature. Organic solvents include various substances, such as alkanes, olefins, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, esters, ethers, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogenated hydrocarbons, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, heterocyclic compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds, most of which have certain toxicity to the human body.
purpose
It exists in coatings, adhesives, paints, and cleaning agents. Organic solvents such as styrene, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and ethylene glycol ether are often used.
Prevention and control
When producing and using organic solvents, it is necessary to strengthen sealing and ventilation to reduce the escape and evaporation of organic solvents.
2. Adopt automation and mechanization operations to reduce the chances of direct contact between operators.
3. Use personal protective equipment, such as gas masks or protective gloves.
When the skin and mucous membranes are contaminated, they should be washed clean in a timely manner.
5. Do not eat or smoke with contaminated hands.
6. Wash hands, take a shower, and change clothes frequently.
Regular health checks should be conducted, and when symptoms of poisoning are detected early, corresponding treatment and rigorous dynamic observation should be carried out. Do you have a certain understanding of organic solvents now? I hope the content introduced by the editor today can help everyone.